{"id":204718,"date":"2025-06-30T10:32:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T08:32:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rse-web.it\/rapporti\/tandem-solar-cells-on-silicon-and-of-zn-iv-n2-for-pv-applications-and-preliminary-study-on-hipims-depositions\/"},"modified":"2025-06-30T10:34:23","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T08:34:23","slug":"tandem-solar-cells-on-silicon-and-of-zn-iv-n2-for-pv-applications-and-preliminary-study-on-hipims-depositions","status":"publish","type":"rapporti","link":"https:\/\/www.rse-web.it\/en\/reports\/tandem-solar-cells-on-silicon-and-of-zn-iv-n2-for-pv-applications-and-preliminary-study-on-hipims-depositions\/","title":{"rendered":"Tandem solar cells on silicon and of Zn-IV-N2 for PV applications and preliminary study on HiPIMS depositions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tandem solar cells are a novel technology crucial for the energy transition, potentially boosting efficiency of silicon modules above 30%. Here, we outline the literature on tandem devices and develop DC sputtering and HiPIMS thin-film deposition of wide-band-gap ZnSnN2, characterised by SEM, XRD and Raman. This is the first step to evaluate ZTN nitride semiconductor as an absorber material in low-cost top solar cells, to be applied on Si for an optimised 4-terminal tandem device.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[1305,1303,1300,1328,1307],"targets":[1304,1317],"rapporti_tipologie":[762],"class_list":["post-204718","rapporti","type-rapporti","status-publish","hentry","tag-energy-efficiency-en","tag-energy-transition","tag-industrial-sector","tag-photovoltaics","tag-renewable-energy-en","targets-industrial-world","targets-research","rapporti_tipologie-report-en"],"acf":{"dont_show_hompage":true,"projects":{"ID":188400,"post_author":"464","post_date":"2024-06-13 15:10:01","post_date_gmt":"2024-06-13 13:10:01","post_content":"","post_title":"Integrated High Efficiency Photovoltaic Project","post_excerpt":"The goal of this project is to facilitate the development of high-efficiency, low-cost photovoltaic (PV) generation systems, while helping to maximize the energy production of the plants in Italy.","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"integrated-high-efficiency-photovoltaic-project","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-07-03 11:13:04","post_modified_gmt":"2024-07-03 09:13:04","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.rse-web.it\/progetti\/integrated-high-efficiency-photovoltaic-project\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"progetti","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},"order_posts":"","dont_show_search":false,"related_posts":false,"show_on_slider":false,"single_post_data":{"titolo_spot":"","post_content":"<p>Silicon modules are the leading technology in the photovoltaic (PV) market, pushed by reasonable cost, great reliability, and good efficiency &#8211; allowing market parity. In fact, thanks to a considerable development, Si efficiency at lab scale (27,6%) is approaching the theoretical one (29,4%). Tandem devices are then considered a viable solution to foster the performance of cost-effective solar cells, coupling Si with another material to have two PV junctions. Hence, tandem cells are based on a top semi-transparent cell, absorbing a portion of the solar spectrum and transmitting the leftover to the silicon bottom cell. Simulations indicate ideal tandem efficiency over 40%, currently experimentally exceeding the 30% threshold.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As the absorber material of the top cell for Si-based tandem with 4 terminals, mature PV materials as III-V, CIGS and perovskites have been tested in tandem cells, but their commercial usage is hindered by different issues \u2013 including polluting and\/or toxic elements, high fabrication cost, energy gap lower than ideal, limited efficiency, or reduced stability over time. Innovative semiconductors with wide band gap (close to 2 eV) and low-cost (thin film approach) are then needed for optimised tandem device on Si with 4 terminals.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Among novel materials proposed as top semiconductor, ternary nitrides Zn-IV-N2 (IV=Sn, Ge, Si) have been attracting interest because of (i) wide and tuneable band gap; (ii) large absorption coefficient; (iii) non-toxic elements; (iv) besides, they can be deposited in thin films by low-cost methods.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In the present project, we investigate the deposition of ZnSnN2 (ZTN) by DC Sputtering and High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) \u2013 a pulsed technique involving high-power peaks to grow high-quality films. First, depositions from Zn and Sn targets are investigated, both in inert and reactive atmosphere, comparing DC and HiPIMS processes. Later, reactive DC co-sputtering in N2 is performed to deposit ZTN. Thin films are characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observing columnar grains, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman to detect crystalline phases.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Future development will be aimed to tune the sputtering parameters for larger grains, improved crystallinity, reduced oxygen inclusion and control electrical properties of ZTN.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Report is available on the Italian site<\/strong><\/p>\n","link_estreno":false,"scarica_file":false,"button":{"text":"","link":""},"referente_group":false,"data_emissione":"2023-06-30","autori":"F. Annoni, E. Achilli, N. Armani, M. Cornelli (RZE S.p.A.), D. Dellasega, C. Mancarella, D. Vavassori (Politecnico di Milano)","rapporto":"","rif_rse":"23007477"},"satellite_post_url":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tandem solar cells on silicon and of Zn-IV-N2 for PV applications and preliminary study on HiPIMS depositions - RSE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rse-web.it\/rapporti\/celle-tandem-su-si-e-materiale-zn-iv-n2-per-applicazioni-fotovoltaiche-con-prove-preliminari-di-deposizione-tramite-sputtering-hipims\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tandem solar cells on silicon and of Zn-IV-N2 for PV applications and preliminary study on HiPIMS depositions - RSE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tandem solar cells are a novel technology crucial for the energy transition, potentially boosting efficiency of silicon modules above 30%. 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