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Publications - ISI Article

Optimal sizing of residential battery systems with multi-year dynamics and a novel rainflow-based model of storage degradation: An extensive Italian case study

Publications - ISI Article

Optimal sizing of residential battery systems with multi-year dynamics and a novel rainflow-based model of storage degradation: An extensive Italian case study

Residential batteries for self-consuming generated energy have become very important for improving the hosting capacity of the grid, increasing renewable energy penetration, and achieving environmental goals, particularly with renewable energy community policies. Since the lifespan of batteries depends on usage and environmental conditions, the multi-year effects of operational strategies can impact the investment’s economics.

However, complete long-term simulations of storage system performance to assess battery profitability, including the operational effects of aging, are rarely conducted, and few studies have considered numerous real consumption profiles. In this study, we propose a multi-year sizing methodology for residential applications, where the full lifespan of batteries is simulated with a 15-minute resolution until complete degradation, calculated using an improved degradation model; photovoltaic system aging is also considered. A comprehensive analysis is proposed on the most suitable economic and commercial sizing for 399 real load profiles in Italy. The results suggest that the battery investment payback price is around €400/kWh, which is lower than the average commercial price, and that current market components may not be suitable for consumers with low energy demand. The Net Present Value (NPV) and the Discounted Payback Time (DPBT) can reach €500-1500 and 8-11 years.

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