The project, conducted over a three-year period, focuses on developing methods, tools, and experimental demonstrators related to the application of advanced information and communication technologies (ICT) to the benefit of the electro-energy system, including aspects of security and resilience of infrastructures against cyberattacks. In 2020, a test platform was created for emerging architectures of Fog/Edge/Cloud computing. The Smart Grid Semantic Platform (SGSP) demonstrated the integration of research applications SARA and MAPS through microservices. A container-based version of the SGSP architecture was developed to facilitate the creation of a Digital Twin for an electrical grid. ICT technologies were explored to enable the active participation of end users in the electricity sector processes, and a residential user emulator was developed, capable of simulating the behavior and data exchanges of a configurable number of users with a common manager. In the realm of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, demonstrative architectures for Low Power WAN networks were developed, connecting sensors for monitoring overhead power lines and underground cables.
5G networks were studied and evaluated through simulation/emulation of application scenarios, considering both radio coverage aspects and data traffic management for IoT using Software Defined Network (SDN). In the IoT field, methods for collecting data through dedicated search engines were assessed, and techniques for cross-analyzing this data with other types of information were tested. Concerning Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, time series clustering techniques were studied and evaluated. Graph-based solutions were used to develop and test innovative algorithms for power flow calculation and to analyze network topologies. Deep Learning techniques were applied for the analysis of voltage sags and for the development of diagnostic algorithms capable of recognizing electrical discharge events in high-voltage line insulators from images and videos.

In terms of ICT infrastructure security for the power system, efforts focused on developing test environments for cybersecurity protection technologies, particularly for the most widely used communication protocols in the electrical field, such as IEC 61840 and IEC 60870-5-104. Work was done on developing solutions to secure emerging Cloud/Fog and IoT architectures, including exploring the use of blockchain technologies for authenticating device security keys.
Additionally, methodologies were developed to assess the resilience of cyber-power systems, using the results of cyberattack process analysis as input to tools that estimate the impact on the electrical system. Special attention was also given to monitoring techniques and early detection of anomalies and attack processes in ICT infrastructures to counter attacks quickly and enhance system resilience. To this end, probabilistic models of attack processes were studied and developed, leading to the creation of emulation and detection tools for use in test platforms. In line with ongoing regulatory and normative developments, the certification of critical infrastructure security was also addressed, with a focus on 5G networks and SCADA system components, which are particularly relevant to the power system.