DESCRIPTION

The PNIEC is the main reference framework for planning the national energy system up to 2030. Over time, several data points from the scenario have been published, but a complete balance compliant with international standards has never been released. This work aims to address this gap by presenting the full energy balance of the PNIEC Policy scenario in IEA format.
This allows for better comparability of the data with those of other National Energy and Climate Plans, and above all helps to improve the understanding of the scenario figures, thereby also overcoming some inaccurate interpretations of the results.
The data refer to the scenario produced using the Italian national energy model TIMES‑RSE.
An interactive Sankey diagram is also provided, enabling a more immediate and simplified analysis of the balance and of the flows by energy carrier and sector.
The balance has also been submitted to the IEA TCP Standing Group on Long‑Term Co‑operation (SLT), where projections from all countries are collected and published.
The IEA format of the energy balance is described in the following document:
>> World Energy Balances (July 2025 edition).

APPLICATIONS

The complete energy balance of the PNIEC 2030 can serve as a useful reference for all those developing scenarios of the national energy system, as well as being necessary for those developing continental or global energy models.
The interactive Sankey diagram can be used for publications and articles, including outreach and popular‑science ones (provided that RSE is cited as the source).

USERS

The energy balance is made available to stakeholders of the Italian energy system, energy system researchers, universities, consulting companies, and associations as an explicit and comprehensive reference for the PNIEC scenario.
The Sankey diagram, on the other hand, is also well suited for use in more outreach‑oriented contexts, such as technical trade journals and the general press.

FOCUS

MASE, Piano Nazionale Integrato per l’Energia e il Clima (PNIEC), 2024

Fabio Lanati, Maria Cristina Pinto, Laura Tagliabue, Matteo Di Stasi, Federica
Odifreddi, Nathan Giovannini, “Scenari per l’aggiornamento del PNIEC (versione 2024)“, Rapporto RdS, RSE 2024