The objective will be pursued through three interdependent activities.

Assessment activities of the availability of renewable energy sources in Italy.

Through the use of models and experimental data, an assessment of the actual availability of RES will be provided, taking into account technical and spatial constraints, in support of energy analyses. In addition, building on the results of the latest climate models, the assessment will be extended to an estimation of the effects of climate change on RES availability.

The assessments will be made available through interactive atlases, and an overview of resource availability, impacts, constraints and opportunities for the integration of energy carriers across the territory will be provided.

Activities to develop methodologies and models for studying the integrated energy system at different scales.

Methodologies will be developed to quantify the services that can be delivered to the electrical grid through the integrated management of a plant using different energy carriers.

At a larger scale, models will be used to provide energy planning support in a portion of the territory, considering the availability of energy resources and energy demand.

National-scale models will allow analysis of the effects and limitations of interactions between the electric and gas systems for the purpose of identifying costs, benefits and support needs.

Demonstration of the integrated approach to specific sectors or cases of general relevance.

Methodologies and solutions aimed at increasing RES penetration in islands not interconnected to the national transmission grid through integrated management of the electricity, water, gas and mobility systems will be developed, and public administration bodies will receive support for implementing of current legal provisions related to the decarbonisation of minor islands.

In addition, the integrated approach will be applied to the innovative combined management of heat and electricity in a district heating plant, for assessing the benefits of using integrated solutions aimed at exploiting synergies with the electricity grid.