Recently, the issue of energy security has gained significant importance, especially in the current context marked by continuous shocks and instability in the national, regional, and global energy systems.

Therefore, RSE has introduced a new research initiative aimed at integrating the evaluation of energy security into the analyses of decarbonization scenarios for the Italian energy system.

This is crucial to provide an even more concrete and tangible support to decision makers and to assist the governance in fully understanding the implications of its policy initiatives.

From the literature analysis it emerges that energy security encompasses different topics. Thus, the scientific community has proposed several qualitative and quantitative indicators for its evaluation. Based on the various works that have been analyzed, this report suggests a methodological approach consisting of a panel of technical, socioeconomic, and geopolitical parameters and indicators.

Moreover, the report also provides a description of the energy context from a national, European, and global perspective, aimed to identify new challenges related to energy security.

In the final part, the methodology is applied considering both historical data and decarbonization scenarios developed by RSE, such as the one at the basis of the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) and the one based on the REPowerEU package.

The results indicate a positive correlation between security and decarbonization, predicting improvements as the Italian energy system evolves as outlined in the scenarios.

From a methodological standpoint, in the future the set of indicators can be reviewed and expanded, so as to ensure an increasingly comprehensive and reliable assessment which is applicable to future scenarios.

The Report is available on the Italian site