The document deals with the interaction between public road and maritime electric mobility and the related distribution networks, from a technical and economic point of view. As regards public road transport, updates are provided on the technical and economic potential linked to the adoption of electric buses fleets, also through comparison with alternative tractions. Based on the research activities launched in the previous reference periods of the System Research, in-depth studies were carried out on the methods of managing energy supplies, also in association with the distributed generation existing on site, as well as assessments such as the partial exemption from system charges (‘energy-intensive’ business condition). Overall, an assessment of the possible profitability of these services was carried out and the results show interesting opportunities for electric buses.

The second part of the report concerns public maritime transport. In this case the analysis focuses on the electrification of public transport vessels such as ferries, hydrofoils, etc. In particular, compatible routes are identified, based on currently available technologies, for a possible conversion of vessels. Dozens of hypothetical routes have been identified in various parts of Italy. Furthermore, since these routes are often close to protected marine and naturalistic areas, the conversion to alternative power supply can represent a decisive advantage from an environmental point of view. No less important and critical is the potential impact on electricity networks: while on the mainland usually there are infrastructures already suitable for powering significant loads, on small islands electricity networks are not always capable of supporting these developments.